The presence of cellulite is an aesthetically unacceptable cosmetic problem for most post-adolescent women. It is largely observed in the gluteal-fermoral regions with its ‘orange-peel’ or ‘cottage cheese’ appearance. It is not specific to overweight women although increased adipogenicity will exacerbate the condition. It is

Hair loss represents a distressing issue affecting a large portion of the population, including up to 85% of males and 40% of females, and its incidence increases with age for both sexes. Though many causes of hair loss exist, by far the most common etiology

Common causes of hyper-pigmentation include post-inflammatory hyper-pigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café-au-lait macules. Although most hyper-pigmented lesions are benign and the diagnosis is straightforward, it is important to exclude melanoma and its precursors and to identify skin manifestations of systemic disease. Treatment options

The regulation of body temperature is one of the most critical functions of the nervous system. Body temperature is not a single value but varies depending on where it is measured. In studies of thermoregulation, it is common to divide the body into two compartments:

Sunlight is essential for synthesis of vitamin D and has beneficial effects on mood. However, ultraviolet (UV) radiation (290 to 400 nm) is responsible for several acute and chronic detrimental effects on human skin, including sunburn, photoaging, and skin cancer. Ultraviolet B (UVB) (290 to

The levels of many essential minerals decrease during pregnancy if un-supplemented, including calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, zinc, and possibly chromium and iodine. Sub-optimal intake of minerals from preconception through pregnancy increases the risk of many pregnancy complications and infant health problems. In the U.S., dietary